Similar findings in mammalian cell models have shown that salicylates interfere with carnitine shuttle transport, by inactivation of carnitine acetyl transferases 56 and sequestration of both carnitine and reduced coenzyme-A 57
Reactive oxygen species (ROS): a way to stress survival in plants
Bodipy 665/676 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, B3932, 10 M, 45 min), LysoTracker Deep Red (Thermo Fisher Scientific, L12492, 100 nM, 45 min), DND-189 LysoSensor (Thermo Fisher Scientific, L7535, 100 nM, 1 h), Liperfluo (Dojindo, L248, 1 M, 1 h) and SQSS (in-house, 50 nM, 1 h) were added to live cells before fixation
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KYN levels were elevated (~ 2.1-fold), and TDO expression (both glial density and intensity in grey and white matter) was significantly higher, suggesting that enhanced KP metabolism may contribute to psychotic features in bipolar disorder