The most consistent results so far are grey matter alterations in the basal ganglia, areas of the limbic system such as the anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, insula, etc., and prefrontal areas like the orbitofrontal cortex, sometimes even more pronounced in association with self-reported fatigue or neurocognitive impairment [12, 35, 49]
More specifically, Bhagavathula and colleagues pooled efficacy outcome data in the same analysis irrespective of type of comparator (placebo or GLP-1 RA) [26]
Aging is associated with reduced MOTS-c levels in certain tissues, including the skeletal muscle, and in circulation 15,19
The Glutathione therapy had no adverse effect on blood chemistries, liver function tests, blood counts
Shorter studies (single dose or 1 month) have generally shown little to no effect [1][12]
2,8 While glutathione's antioxidant properties are well-documented, its topical formulations suffer from poor bioavailability