These effects are believed to be similar to those observed in acromegaly which may result in hypertension, carpal tunnel syndrome, diabetes, and neuropathy among many others (Table 1) (Pope et al., 2014, Ezzat, Forster, Berchtold et al., 1994, Wass JAH, 2002, Bengtsson, Eden, Ernest et al., 1988, Colao, Marzullo, Di Somma et al., 2001, Colao, Pivonello, Di Somma et al., 2007, Jenkins, Mukherjee and Shalet, 2006, Kreze, Kreze-Spirova and Mikulecky, 2001)
Naturally produced by the body, peptides influence everything from hormone production to cellular repair
( 1 ) : ( )
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No human safety data : The complete absence of human clinical trials means the safety profile, side effects, optimal dosing, and pharmacokinetics in humans are entirely unknown Animal-to-human translation is uncertain : Metabolic differences between mice and humans mean that the magnitude of effects (e.g., weight loss, grip strength improvement) may not translate
In 2026, an expanding body of clinical evidence is examining how specific peptides interact with the hormonal and metabolic systems that disproportionately affect women particularly those navigating PCOS, perimenopause, insulin resistance, and thyroid dysfunction
