The peptides proposed mechanism involves activation of the VEGFR2 pathway (promoting angiogenesis), nitric oxide synthesis via the Akt-eNOS axis, and modulation of the dopaminergic system
doi: 10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Preventing additional darkening can be achieved using solar radiation protection since eye color is genetic and it is hard to lower melanin in the eyes
JING X, WANG W, HE X, et al
Nitric oxide system modulation The relationship between penta deca peptide arginate and the nitric oxide system is more sophisticated than simple stimulation
GHK-Cu chelates copper(II) ions and delivers them to cells, activating copper-dependent enzymes essential for collagen crosslinking, antioxidant defense, and tissue remodeling