Where These Numbers Come From NAD+ replenishment targets several interconnected aging pathways, all driven by the age-related decline in NAD+ levels: Sirtuin activation: NAD+ is required for SIRT1-7 function deacetylases that regulate DNA repair, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and stress resistance
It also supports mood balance and mental clarity, which many clients appreciate as an additional benefit
Wu J, Stoica BA, Dinizo M, Pajoohesh-Ganji A, Piao C, Faden AI
Research Administration and Dosing Considerations Published research on BPC-157 in animal models has used various administration routes: Intraperitoneal injection: Common in rodent studies but impractical for veterinary application Subcutaneous injection: More relevant to potential veterinary use Intramuscular injection: Studied in some larger animal models Oral administration: Some research suggests oral bioavailability, though data is limited Topical application: Investigated for wound healing applications Dosing in animal studies varies widely (typically reported as g/kg body weight), and optimal dosing for dogs specifically has not been established through controlled veterinary trials
For injections, food timing doesn't matter because the peptide bypasses the digestive tract entirely
References DailyMed: Bacteriostatic Water for Injection (Hospira) prescribing label