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The involvement of HSP70 has recently been confirmed through photo crosslinking experiments showing a direct interaction between HSC70 and KFERQ-like motifs, enabling CMA (Seike et al., 2024)

The inflammatory cellular infiltration, such as neutrophils and macrophages, mediating prolonged airway inflammation can be induced, and inflammatory cytokines are released, such as TNF- as an initial proinflammatory cytokine stimulating the expression of downstream cytokines, such as IL-1(6)

( Minnetti M, Sada V, Feola T, Giannetta E, Pozza C, Gianfrilli D, Isidori AM

The chemotactic activity of macrophages significantly decreased in mice receiving OTA therapy for weeks

11 The conceptual framework: frosts mechanostat theory and the gut-bone axis The interaction between the GM and homeostasis of bone is more than merely biochemical in nature

Lennicke et al., 2015)