Most studies are small (n=3060), short-term (412 weeks), and the effects observed are modest and temporary melanin index returns toward baseline after supplementation stops
Additionally, an antioxidant-rich diet is essential, with at least five servings of fruits and vegetables daily
Furthermore, microinjections of leptin in rodents, into the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) 21 and the arcuate nucleus (ARC) 22 can decrease food intake massively, suggesting that leptins actions are mediated mainly by the hypothalamus
Van de RoovaartHJStevensMMGoodridgeAEBadenKRSibbittBGDelaneyEet al
Additionally, the threshold to define unhealthy muscle mass has been debated
Rare but serious symptoms require immediate medical attention