fda compounding semaglutide enforcement 2025 news Patients struggle as compounded GLP-1 access rapidly shrinks FDA sets tirzepatide compounding deadlines

Bioavailability for peptides through the sublingual route is generally in the 3-10% range, comparable to nasal delivery

Retatrutide is not yet FDA-approved and is available primarily through grey market channels

In a large RCT involving obese and prediabetic individuals, tirzepatide significantly delayed the onset of T2DM compared with placebo across multiple doses, with sustained benefits observed during long-term follow-up

Neither cagrilintide nor retatrutide is currently licensed in the UK, so neither is available through NHS or private prescribing routes

This sparked further advancements, including Novo Nordisks development of more potent analogs like liraglutide and semaglutide, with the latter achieving over $12 billion in sales by 2022

Unusual odor from the vial suggests bacterial contamination or significant chemical breakdown