Across the published trials in Stier et al
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A light in the darkness: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to treat the hedonic dysregulation of addiction
Potential therapies include gene intervention, probiotic therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, TMAO and tryptophan metabolism regulation, SCFA therapy and pharmacological or nutritional therapies
Based on the above pharmacological characteristics of categories of GLP-1RAs agents, despite slight adverse gastrointestinal side effects, it is clear that GLP-1RAs agents have efficacy in cardiovascular protection without untoward hypoglycemia
Glucagon receptor activation increases energy expenditure and promotes hepatic fat oxidation, complementing GLP-1-mediated appetite suppression