What the Latest Clinical Trial Data Shows The TRIUMPH-4 trial, whose results Eli Lilly announced in December 2025, is the first completed Phase 3 study for retatrutide
For reference, the UK Summaries of Product Characteristics (SmPCs) for semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) both list injection site reactions including erythema, pruritus, and bruising as recognised adverse effects of their respective drug classes
1).29,32 With respect to the vascular system, rGLP-1 activation induces modest decreases in blood pressure,33,34 it has a vasodilator effect, improves arterial stiffness, and prevents atherosclerotic plaque formation-and has plaque stabilizing effects-through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as demonstrated in animal models.29,32,3538 Despite controversies about rGLP-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, studies have shown that arGLP-1 has antiproliferative effects on these cells,39 reduces oxidative stress, improves endothelial function, and increases nitric oxide production in experimental models.3540 In the heart they produce a discrete increase in heart rate (24 beats/min), although this does not seem to be associated with an increase in arrhythmias or cardiovascular events
For practical guidance on building a gut-supportive diet, explore our guides on GLP-1 breakfast ideas , foods to eat on semaglutide , and what to eat on tirzepatide
Questions to Ask Your Doctor Am I a good candidate for a GLP-1 medication
Push the plunger slightly until a drop forms at the end of the needle
