In addition, IL-15, IL-17, IL-23, and GM-CSF have a strong relation to rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) seropositivity, and RA activity, which could become diagnostic biomarkers for RA (64, 6769)
VEGF is also known as the vascular permeability factor [23], and plays a key role of angiopoiesis and micro-vascular permeability [24,25], acting through transmembrane protein receptors in endothelial cells and other cells to regulate transmembrane signal transduction [26]
Chem Eng J
This included disabling fatigue exacerbated by exercise and associated with myalgia, excessive sleep, night sweats, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, and mental changes
2024;9:e172632