For example, research conducted in laboratory settings by Santra et al
No new metabolites were found in urine, bile, and fecal samples other than the six components found in the plasma
The delayed gastric emptying can reduce stomach acid production and alter the environment needed for B12 liberation from food
Efforts like this continue to strengthen the bridge between late-phase research and routine care, helping ensure that therapeutic decisions are informed by evidence grounded in real-world clinical realities
While it is sterile at the moment of opening, it has no defense mechanism against bacteria introduced by a needle puncture
Additionally, there was variability between the included studies in the follow-up duration, which may cause heterogeneity in the results obtained