In Indian women, hair thinning due to B12 deficiency often occurs alongside iron deficiency, as both are common with vegetarian diets
Absorption Injected free B12 diffuses through the extracellular fluid into nearby capillaries, enters the bloodstream and binds to TCII (transcobalamin II)
b) Transsulfuration: homocysteine is converted into cystathion by the enzyme cystathion B synthase (CBS) and the presence of cofactors vitamin B6 and haem
But they were designed for insulin, not peptides, and this creates a translation challenge that confuses many researchers
Kidney problems: Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting can cause dehydration, which may lead to kidney problems
Another proposed mechanism involves the binding of homocysteine to the collagenous matrix of bone, which may modify collagen properties and reduce bone strength (reviewed in 113)