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Funding This study was funded by the Department of Health, Taipei City Government, Taiwan (grant number: 11201-62-029 & 11301-62-030) and Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan (grant number: TPCH-112-25)
Additionally, dysregulation of key neurotransmitters, such as elevated noradrenaline and reduced serotonin, particularly within the amygdala, has been implicated in heightened anxiety and impaired stress resilience (112, 113)
Abbreviations CM: Citrulline malate NO: Nitric oxide ATP: Adenosine triphosphate MAS: Malate aspartate shuttle MDH: Malate dehydrogenase NIRS: Near infrared spectroscopy PFK: Phosphofructokinase TCA: Tricarboxylic acid HR: Heart rate GI: Gastrointestinal GVT: German volume training VO 2peak : Peak oxygen consumption EMG: Electromyography References Agudelo LZ, Ferreira DM, Dadvar S, Cervenka I, Ketscher L, Izadi M, Ruas JL (2019) Skeletal muscle PGC-11 reroutes kynurenine metabolism to increase energy efficiency and fatigue-resistance