Sci Rep 13 , 11513
(2002, cited in modern reviews): A 12-week clinical trial with topical GHK-Cu cream in women with photodamaged skin showed improvements in skin density, firmness, thickness, elasticity, and moisture
Potential side effects may include injection-site redness, swelling, bruising, itching, tenderness, small lumps, headache, fatigue, nausea, appetite changes, abdominal discomfort, stool changes, dizziness, altered sleep, mood changes, or feeling off. Allergic or immune reactions are also possible, and the FDA has specifically raised concerns about immunogenicity and peptide-related impurities in compounded BPC-157
Older adults also show inflammatory markers like IL-6 are often much higher than in young adults, and chronically elevated inflammation is associated with heart disease, diabetes, and cognitive decline
Mechanism 3
It does not imply that the treatment has been endorsed, recommended, or approved as an aesthetic procedure by MOH or HSA